This paper presents an analysis of the current and future situation in terms of waste management in Vâlcea County, Romania. Two alternatives for waste landfilling are presented: co-incineration in cement kilns and incineration in a proposed incineration plant. A bio-drying facility is also suggested as an option for residual municipal solid waste pre-treatment before energy recovery. Results regarding population, waste evolution, quantities of generated residual municipal waste and solid recovered fuel are presented. Estimations of lower heating values were performed through indirect methods. Finally, preliminary energy and economical balances were established.