West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen that can infect humans, equids, and many bird species, posing a threat to their health. It consists of eight lineages, with Lineage 1 (L1) and Lineage 2 (L2) being the most prevalent and pathogenic. Italy is one of the hardest-hit European nations, with 330 neurological cases and 37 fatalities in humans in the 2021-2022 season, in which the L1 re-emerged after several years of low circulation. We assembled a database comprising all publicly available WNV genomes, along with 31 new Italian strains of WNV L1 sequenced in this study, to trace their evolutionary history using phylodynamics and phylogeography. Our analysis suggests that WNV L1 may have initially entered Italy from Northern Africa around 1985 and indicates a connection between European and Western Mediterranean countries, with two distinct strains circulating within Italy. Furthermore, we identified new genetic mutations that are typical of the Italian strains and that can b...
West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen that can infect humans, equids, and many bird species, posing a threat to their health. It consists of eight lineages, with Lineage 1 (L1) and Lineage 2 (L2) being the most prevalent and pathogenic. Italy is one of the hardest-hit European nations, with 330 neurological cases and 37 fatalities in humans in the 2021-2022 season, in which the L1 re-emerged after several years of low circulation. We assembled a database comprising all publicly available WNV genomes, along with 31 new Italian strains of WNV L1 sequenced in this study, to trace their evolutionary history using phylodynamics and phylogeography. Our analysis suggests that WNV L1 may have initially entered Italy from Northern Africa around 1985 and indicates a connection between European and Western Mediterranean countries, with two distinct strains circulating within Italy. Furthermore, we identified new genetic mutations that are typical of the Italian strains and that can b...
Origin and evolution of West Nile virus lineage 1 in Italy / Silverj, Andrea; Mencattelli, Giulia; Monaco, Federica; Iapaolo, Federica; Teodori, Liana; Leone, Alessandra; Polci, Andrea; Curini, Valentina; Di Domenico, Marco; Secondini, Barbara; Di Lollo, Valeria; Ancora, Massimo; Di Gennaro, Annapia; Morelli, Daniela; Perrotta, Maria Gabriella; Marini, Giovanni; Rosà, Roberto; Segata, Nicola; Rota-Stabelli, Omar; Rizzoli, Annapaola; Savini, Giovanni; West Nile Virus Working, Group. - In: EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION. - ISSN 0950-2688. - 2024, 152:(2024), pp. e15001-e15011. [10.1017/s0950268824001420]
Origin and evolution of West Nile virus lineage 1 in Italy
Silverj, Andrea;Mencattelli, Giulia;Rosà, Roberto;Segata, Nicola;Rota-Stabelli, Omar;
2024-01-01
Abstract
West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen that can infect humans, equids, and many bird species, posing a threat to their health. It consists of eight lineages, with Lineage 1 (L1) and Lineage 2 (L2) being the most prevalent and pathogenic. Italy is one of the hardest-hit European nations, with 330 neurological cases and 37 fatalities in humans in the 2021-2022 season, in which the L1 re-emerged after several years of low circulation. We assembled a database comprising all publicly available WNV genomes, along with 31 new Italian strains of WNV L1 sequenced in this study, to trace their evolutionary history using phylodynamics and phylogeography. Our analysis suggests that WNV L1 may have initially entered Italy from Northern Africa around 1985 and indicates a connection between European and Western Mediterranean countries, with two distinct strains circulating within Italy. Furthermore, we identified new genetic mutations that are typical of the Italian strains and that can b...| File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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