Porcelain Enamel Coatings for Building Façades

Materials used for building façades should combine aesthetics with functionality and durability. Vitreous enamels are a class of inorganic coatings, with a glossy and brilliant aspect, as well as high chemical resistance and protective properties. This study aimed to investigate the potentiality of enamel coatings for use in the architectural field. Different accelerated tests were carried out on enamel steel panels to test their durability and resistance to natural aggressive conditions (corrosive atmosphere and basic pH conditions, UV radiation, and pollution) and to mechanical damages. Two colors were chosen, red and white, to determine the effect of the addition of diverse pigments. Paints were employed as reference coating protection systems, as they currently serve as the standard for building façade design. Compared to paints, the enamel panels presented better corrosion protection, with higher adhesion to the steel substrate and stable aesthetic properties during the conducted tests, both in terms of color and gloss. Nevertheless, the white coating exhibited superior color stability, likely attributable to the presence of Se- and Cd-based pigments in the red coating. These pigments are known to be more prone to degradation. Overall, this work showed that porcelain enamels display good functional and aesthetic qualities, which make them suitable for use in the cladding of buildings and as transport infrastructure elements.