Organ printing and stem cells as future of regenerative medicine: influence of the cell encapsulation system on cell behaviour.

Many techniques were developed in the area of regenera- tive medicine, however they are still imperfect and generally based on the creation of tissue replacement scaffolds, while organ printing tends to build an organ de novo as closer as possible to the origin organ using stem cells as a source of regenerative cells. This can potentially eliminate needs in organ transplants, and therefore, is very promising approach in regenerative medicine. Cell encapsulation by electro-hydro dynamic jetting is a perspective technique for organ printing. However, during the encapsulation process, as well as during the further cell growth inside beads, several changes in cell proliferation, activity, and protein expression can happen due to the complexity of the cell encapsulation system. Thereby, before starting the process of organ printing, it is important to make sure that encapsulated cells are not harmed. Thus, the main aim of the initial project is to characterize cell behavior during and after the cell encapsulation process. Glyceraldehide-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), the housekeeping protein that interacts with telomeric DNA and participates in glycolisis, apoptosis, cell aging, cell proliferation, and other vitally important processes was selected for checking genes activity of encapsulated cells.