La rinnovata disciplina della guida dopo aver assunto sostanze stupefacenti: problemi di legittimità costituzionale e alternative percorribili

L’art. 187 del Codice della Strada è stato riformato nel 2024 mediante l’eliminazione dell’elemento dello stato di alterazione psico-fisica dalla fattispecie di guida dopo l’assunzione di sostanze stupefacenti, al fine di renderne superfluo l’accertamento per l’integrazione del reato. Il contributo mira ad approfondire alcune questioni tecniche poste dalle analisi sui liquidi biologici che è necessario svolgere per verificare l’assunzione della sostanza e la sua incidenza sulla capacità di guida. Uno spazio specifico è dedicato alla circolare ministeriale con la quale si è cercato di superare alcune problematiche operative e, soprattutto, le censure che sono state formulate sul fronte della legittimità costituzionale della riforma. In attesa della pronuncia della Corte costituzionale, ci si interroga quindi sui profili di illegittimità che la norma presenta e sulle prospettive del reato, attraverso un’analisi in chiave comparata delle tecniche di tipizzazione che sono state adottate per queste condotte in altri ordinamenti Article 187 of the Highway Code was reformed in 2024 by removing the element of mental and physical impairment from the offense of driving after taking drugs, in order to make it unnecessary to ascertain this element for the offense to be considered complete. This article aims to explore some technical issues raised by the analysis of biological fluids that must be carried out to verify the intake of the substance and its impact on driving ability. Specific attention is given to the ministerial circular that sought to overcome certain operational problems and, above all, the objections that were raised regarding the constitutional legitimacy of the reform. Pending the ruling of the Constitutional Court, questions are therefore being raised about the illegality of the law and the prospects for the crime, through a comparative analysis of the classification techniques that have been adopted for this type of conduct in other legal systems.

THE REVISED REGULATIONS ON DRIVING AFTER TAKING NARCOTIC SUBSTANCES: ISSUES OF CONSTITUTIONAL LEGITIMACY AND VIABLE ALTERNATIVES. Article 187 of the Highway Code was reformed in 2024 by removing the element of mental and physical impairment from the offense of driving after taking drugs, in order to make it unnecessary to ascertain this element for the offense to be considered complete. This article aims to explore some technical issues raised by the analysis of biological fluids that must be carried out to verify the intake of the substance and its impact on driving ability. Specific attention is given to the ministerial circular that sought to overcome certain operational problems and, above all, the objections that were raised regarding the constitutional legitimacy of the reform. Pending the ruling of the Constitutional Court, questions are therefore being raised about the illegality of the law and the prospects for the crime, through a comparative analysis of the classification techniques that have been adopted for this type of conduct in other legal systems