Real-Time Raman Spectroscopy of Photopolymerization Dynamics in Ethylene Glycol Methyl Ether Acrylate-g-Epoxidized Natural Rubber

Natural rubber (NR) is a promising material for polymer electrolytes (PEs) due to its natural abundance and desirable properties, including soft and elastic texture at room temperature, adhesive qualities, and low glass transition temperature (Tg). Additionally, it is more sustainable compared to synthetic polymers. However, its low ion transport capability poses a challenge for electrochemical applications such as lithium-ion batteries. To address this limitation, ethylene glycol methyl ether acrylate (EGMEA) was grafted onto an epoxidized natural rubber (ENR-25) matrix at varying grafting ratios, optimizing the curing time. Photopolymerization was employed due to its rapid reaction kinetics, customizable monomer selection for tailored physical properties, and energy-efficient initiation via illumination. In situ Raman spectroscopy provided insights into the kinetics, mechanisms, and curing times of the reactions. The synthesis of EGMEA-g-ENR was confirmed through infrared (IR) and 1H...