Psychological Well Being and Determinants among Mongolian Older Adults

This research explores the psychological well-being of older adults in Mongolia and identifies the key factors influencing their mental health. With the rising aging population in developing countries, the World Health Organization (WHO) emphasizes the need for healthy aging policies. In Mongolia, older adults (60+ years) represent 10.5% of the population, with significant health disparities, particularly between genders in life expectancy. This study employed mixed methods, combining quantitative and qualitative interviews to assess the psychological well-being of 304 participants aged 55 and older from urban and rural areas. Statistical analyses revealed that social participation, family support, and volunteer activities positively influenced life satisfaction, while loneliness and poor health were detrimental factors. The study highlights the transformative role of creative engagement programs tailored for older adults, particularly women, in improving psychological well-being. Key recommendations include enhancing social connections, volunteer opportunities, and accessible communication technologies to support the mental health of Mongolia’s older adults.