08 Tesi di dottorato (Doctoral Thesis)

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08.1 Tesi di dottorato (Doctoral Thesis) 2394

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Neural Enhancement Strategies for Robust Speech Processing

In real-world scenarios, speech signals are often contaminated with environmental noises, and reverberation, which degrades speech quality and intelligibility. Lately, the development of deep learning algorithms has marked milestones in speech- based research fields e.g. speech recognition, spoken language understanding, etc. As one of the crucial topics in the speech processing research area, speech enhancement aims to restore clean speech signals from noisy signals. In the last decades, man...

Investigating TMS–evoked potentials as a biomarker in the Alzheimer’s dementia spectrum

The use of biomarkers in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been fundamental for early diagnosis. Currently, biomarkers in use for clinical purposes assess the presence or quantify molecular markers of the disease, i.e., ß-amyloid or Tau protein, or quantify the medial-temporal atrophy caused by the disease. Neuroimaging techniques such as structural, functional and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging and positron-emission tomography have been essential in showing how Alzheimer’s disease pathology...

Towards individualized TMS-EEG pipelines for stroke rehabilitation: the importance of individual structural and functional variability

Stroke is the main cause of adult motor disability. Nevertheless, recent meta-analyses show that the theoretical models conceived to explain the post-stroke brain reorganization are inaccurate and therefore misleading in laying the theoretical foundation for rehabilitation protocols. Mixed results are reported especially in works investigating the excitability properties of the stroke injured brain. Shedding light on the reasons that brought to such mixed results is the central topic of this ...

Molecular mechanisms of Fam3c cardioprotective activity

Despite the urgent and broad need to develop new treatments for myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failure (HF), drug treatment to revert these pathologies has not evolved significantly over the last two decades. A key aspect underlying the epidemic burden of MI is the incapacity of the cardiac muscle to undergo regeneration in adult life. Damaged cardiac tissue typically results in irreversible loss of cardiomyocytes (CMs) with relative fibrosis and scarring. Although the massive effort so...

Signal Processing Methods for Reliable Extraction of Neural Responses in Developmental EEG

Studying newborns in the first days of life prior to experiencing the world provides remarkable insights into the neurocognitive predispositions that humans are endowed with. First, it helps us to improve our current knowledge of the development of a typical brain. Secondly, it potentially opens new pathways for earlier diagnosis of several developmental neurocognitive disorders such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). While most studies investigating early cognition in the literature are pure...

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