08 Tesi di dottorato (Doctoral Thesis)

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08.1 Tesi di dottorato (Doctoral Thesis) 3224

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On the Chemistry of Molecules Containing Silicon, Phosphorus, and Sulfur in the Interstellar Medium

The Interstellar Medium (ISM) is an extreme environment that requires a wide range of experimental techniques to investigate its many shades. This thesis presents a collection of studies in Laboratory Astrochemistry aimed at providing new experimental data for astrochemical modeling and probing the fundamental chemistry underlying the phenomena investigated. The core of this thesis is the study of the reactivity in the gas phase of ions related to the third-period elements Si+, P+, and H2CS+,...

Language-Grounded Post-Completion Mistake Detection in Procedural Videos

Mistake detection in procedural videos is the task of identifying errors in activities such as cooking, assembly, or repair. The domain represents a critical yet underexplored challenge. This thesis focuses on Post-Completion Mistake Detection (PCMD), where a model must verify a full procedure execution and localize deviations from the intended protocol. PCMD is under-researched and still held back by fragmented error taxonomies, staged and scarce datasets, and complex, computationally demand...

Advanced Methods for the Simulation of Radar Sounder Planetary Data

Radar Sounder (RS) are active remote sensing instruments operating at low frequencies with a nadir-looking geometry, capable of penetrating the surface to investigate the subsurface of planetary targets. The data acquired by these systems are the result of complex interactions between instrument parameters, the acquisition geometry and the properties of the investigated celestial body. Consequently, simulation tools play a fundamental role throughout the entire life-cycle of a mission with a ...

Development of a genetic method to visualize cardiomyocyte renewal in vivo

Most human heart diseases (ischemia, pressure and volume overload, infection, inflammation, congenital disorders) result in a loss of cardiomyocytes. Any cardiac injury is healed by scar and fibrosis, which expose the heart to a further risk of failure. This response can be attributed to the poor regeneration capacity of the adult heart: in contrast to other tissues, the contractile apparatus of the heart is not replaced by new cells either differentiating from a pluripotent cell niche or der...

The influence of the Critical Zone on hillslope hydrology and stability

The Earth's near-surface layer, which extends from the vegetation canopy to unweathered bedrock, is known as the Critical Zone (CZ). It is essential for regulating the incidence of hydrological processes and hydro-geo hazards. Enhancing predictive models of infiltration, discharge production, and landslide initiation, requires an understanding of the relationships between the CZ and hillslope hydrology. In this research, the impact of changes in CZ configuration and characteristics on hillslo...

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