Electrochemical polymerized DL-phenylalanine modified carbon nanotube sensor for the selective and sensitive determination of caffeic acid with riboflavin

In this study, DL-phenylalanine modified with a multiwall carbon nanotube paste electrode is used as advanced electrochemical sensor for analysing of 0.1 mM caffeic acid (CFA) with simultaneous detection of riboflavin (RFN). The developed sensors include electrochemically polymerized DL-phenylalanine (DL-PA) modified multiwall carbon nanotube paste electrode [DL-PAMMCNTPE] and bare multiwall carbon nanotube paste electrode [BMCNTPE]. The increasing stability in the developed electrochemical sensor for the quantification of CFA is highlighted in detail, along with its characterization using voltammetric techniques such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and linear Sweep Voltammetry (LSV). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique was used to studied the structural analysis of BMCNTPE and DL-PAMMCNTPE surface. The investigation of 0.1 mM CFA in 0.2 M phosphate buffered solution (PBS) using a 7.0 pH at 0.1 V/s scan rate was highlighted using DL-PAMMCNTPE, which shows good electrochemical responses compared to BMCNTPE. This work characterizes the voltammetric responses by inspecting the pH effect, scan rate effect, and concentration difference of CFA at the DL-PAMMCNTPE surface. The CFA responses specify that the scan rate progress is adsorption controlled. The concentration of CFA detection was started from 20 mu M to 600 mu M using DPV method, with lower limit of detection (LOD) of 0.280 mu M and limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.936 mu M. And for CV method concentration range 20 to 550 mu M, with LOD of 0.198 mu M and LOQ of 0.702 mu M. Furthermore, the developed electrochemical sensor responses are shows good stability, repeatability, and reproducibility, for CFA. The analytical applicability of CFA in apple juice and coffee powder samples was also evaluated.