In this paper we present the preliminary results of the archaeological campaigns held in Adulis (present day Eritrea) by the Pontificio Istituto di Archeologia Cristiana in 2018 and 2019. Adulis, on the Red Sea shore, was the main port of the Aksumite Kingdom, extended throughout the Horn of Africa from the 1st until the 7th centuries AD. Relying on written and epigraphic sources, early Christianity was rooted already since the half of the 4th century, with a first bishop in Adulis in the half of the 5th. Our archaeological excavations have led to the identification of the biggest church of the town, to be dated to 6th century. Its monumentality, structure and prestige lead us to interpret it as the ecclesia episcopalis of Adulis, that underwent through many different building phases, including also an Islamic reoccupation after its abandonment as a church.
In questo studio vengono presentati i risultati delle campagne di scavo condotte dal Pontificio Istituto di Archeologia Cristiana ad Adulis, nell’attuale Eritrea, nel 2018 e nel 2019. Adulis era il principale porto e sbocco sul Mar Rosso del regno aksumita, esteso in buona parte del Corno d’Africa dal I al VII secolo d.C. Stando alle fonti scritte ed epigrafiche, il cristianesimo si diffuse nell’area già dalla metà del IV secolo e, alla metà del successivo, è noto il primo vescovo adulitano. Le campagne di scavo qui presentate hanno portato all’identificazione della chiesa più grande di tutta la città, datata molto probabilmente al VI secolo, la cui monumentalità, pregio e struttura portano ad identificarla come ecclesia episcopalis. L’edificio conobbe diverse fasi di utilizzo, compresa una rioccupazione – successiva all’abbandono – da parte della comunità islamica.
Le campagne del Pontificio Istituto di Archeologia Cristiana ad Adulis (Eritrea): scavi 2018 e 2019 / Castiglia, Gabriele; Pergola, Philippe; Ciliberti, Marco; Larentis, Omar; Maletić, Božana; Pola, Matteo. - In: RIVISTA DI ARCHEOLOGIA CRISTIANA. - ISSN 0035-6042. - STAMPA. - 96:(2020), pp. 165-218.
Le campagne del Pontificio Istituto di Archeologia Cristiana ad Adulis (Eritrea): scavi 2018 e 2019
Omar Larentis;
2020-01-01
Abstract
In this paper we present the preliminary results of the archaeological campaigns held in Adulis (present day Eritrea) by the Pontificio Istituto di Archeologia Cristiana in 2018 and 2019. Adulis, on the Red Sea shore, was the main port of the Aksumite Kingdom, extended throughout the Horn of Africa from the 1st until the 7th centuries AD. Relying on written and epigraphic sources, early Christianity was rooted already since the half of the 4th century, with a first bishop in Adulis in the half of the 5th. Our archaeological excavations have led to the identification of the biggest church of the town, to be dated to 6th century. Its monumentality, structure and prestige lead us to interpret it as the ecclesia episcopalis of Adulis, that underwent through many different building phases, including also an Islamic reoccupation after its abandonment as a church.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione