Electrophysiological indexes of eyes open and closed resting states conditions following the Quadrato Motor Training: a longitudinal study

Eyes closed (EC) and eyes open (EO) resting states are generally considered the brain states with the lowest level of arousal. However, recent studies showed that the resting brain activity is not a static phenomenon, but is rather modulated by the incoming stimuli, producing differences in the neural activity. In the past, we showed that dynamic electrophysiological measures, such as coherence and functional connectivity, were modulated by Quadrato Motor Training (QMT) during the rsEEG with closed eyes, while it particularly affects the alpha-power during the rsEEG recorded with open eyes. Here we investigated the differences in the power spectrum between EC and EO following 3 months of QMT. To this purpose, we analyzed separately power spectrum, and the differences in the cortical generators using eLORETA software. We found that QMT lead to an increased differentiation between EC and EO mainly in the beta frequency range, and most importantly a change in cortical generators related to alpha oscillation in the para-hippocampal gyrus and to beta activity bilateral in the frontal areas. These results showed that QMT could positively contributes to sharpen the specialization during the different EC and EO brain states, refining their specific characteristics.