Collectively, thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) offer significant potential for short-term demand response. This intrinsic flexibility can be used to provide various ancillary services or to carry out energy arbitrage. This study introduces an aggregate description of the flexibility of a heterogeneous TCL as a leaky storage unit, with associated constraints that are derived from the TCL device parameters and quality of service requirements. In association with a suitable TCL control strategy this enables a straightforward embedding of TCL dynamics in optimisation frameworks. The tools developed are applied to the problem of determining an optimal multi-service portfolio for TCLs. A linear optimisation model is constructed for the optimal simultaneous allocation of frequency services and energy arbitrage. In a case study, optimal service allocations are computed for eight representative classes of cold appliances and the results are validated using simulations of individual refrigerators. Finally, it is demonstrated that clustering of appliances with similar capabilities can significantly enhance the flexibility available to the system.

Leaky Storage Model for optimal multi-service allocation of thermostatic loads / Trovato, Vincenzo; Tindemans, Simon H.; Strbac, Goran. - In: IET GENERATION, TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION. - ISSN 1751-8687. - 2016, 10:3(2016), pp. 585-593. [10.1049/iet-gtd.2015.0168]

Leaky Storage Model for optimal multi-service allocation of thermostatic loads

Trovato, Vincenzo;
2016-01-01

Abstract

Collectively, thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) offer significant potential for short-term demand response. This intrinsic flexibility can be used to provide various ancillary services or to carry out energy arbitrage. This study introduces an aggregate description of the flexibility of a heterogeneous TCL as a leaky storage unit, with associated constraints that are derived from the TCL device parameters and quality of service requirements. In association with a suitable TCL control strategy this enables a straightforward embedding of TCL dynamics in optimisation frameworks. The tools developed are applied to the problem of determining an optimal multi-service portfolio for TCLs. A linear optimisation model is constructed for the optimal simultaneous allocation of frequency services and energy arbitrage. In a case study, optimal service allocations are computed for eight representative classes of cold appliances and the results are validated using simulations of individual refrigerators. Finally, it is demonstrated that clustering of appliances with similar capabilities can significantly enhance the flexibility available to the system.
2016
3
Trovato, Vincenzo; Tindemans, Simon H.; Strbac, Goran
Leaky Storage Model for optimal multi-service allocation of thermostatic loads / Trovato, Vincenzo; Tindemans, Simon H.; Strbac, Goran. - In: IET GENERATION, TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION. - ISSN 1751-8687. - 2016, 10:3(2016), pp. 585-593. [10.1049/iet-gtd.2015.0168]
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
IET Generation Trans Dist - 2016 - Trovato - Leaky storage model for optimal multi%u2010service allocation of thermostatic.pdf

Solo gestori archivio

Tipologia: Versione editoriale (Publisher’s layout)
Licenza: Tutti i diritti riservati (All rights reserved)
Dimensione 296.8 kB
Formato Adobe PDF
296.8 kB Adobe PDF   Visualizza/Apri

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11572/317286
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus 52
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? 43
social impact