BACKGROUND: Rapidly changing excitability states in an oscillating neuronal network can explain response variability to external stimulation, but if repetitive stimulation of always the same high- or low-excitability state results in long-term plasticity of opposite direction has never been explored in vivo. OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: Different phases of the endogenous sensorimotor μ-rhythm represent different states of corticospinal excitability, and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of always the same high- vs. low-excitability state results in long-term plasticity of different direction. METHODS: State-dependent electroencephalography-triggered transcranial magnetic stimulation (EEG-TMS) was applied to target the EEG negative vs. positive peak of the sensorimotor μ-rhythm in healthy subjects using a millisecond resolution real-time digital signal processing system. Corticospinal excitability was indexed by motor evoked potential amplitude in a hand muscle. RESULTS: EEG negative vs. positive peak of the endogenous sensorimotor μ-rhythm represent high- vs. low-excitability states of corticospinal neurons. More importantly, otherwise identical rTMS (200 triple-pulses at 100 Hz burst frequency and ∼1 Hz repetition rate), triggered consistently at this high-excitability vs. low-excitability state, leads to long-term potentiation (LTP)-like vs. no change in corticospinal excitability. CONCLUSIONS: Findings raise the intriguing possibility that real-time information of instantaneous brain state can be utilized to control efficacy of plasticity induction in humans. © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Real-time EEG-defined excitability states determine efficacy of TMS-induced plasticity in human motor cortex / Christoph, Zrenner; Debora, Desideri; Belardinelli, P; Ulf, Ziemann. - In: BRAIN STIMULATION. - ISSN 1935-861X. - 2018, 11:2(2018), pp. 374-389. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2017.11.016]
Real-time EEG-defined excitability states determine efficacy of TMS-induced plasticity in human motor cortex
Belardinelli P;
2018-01-01
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Rapidly changing excitability states in an oscillating neuronal network can explain response variability to external stimulation, but if repetitive stimulation of always the same high- or low-excitability state results in long-term plasticity of opposite direction has never been explored in vivo. OBJECTIVE/HYPOTHESIS: Different phases of the endogenous sensorimotor μ-rhythm represent different states of corticospinal excitability, and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of always the same high- vs. low-excitability state results in long-term plasticity of different direction. METHODS: State-dependent electroencephalography-triggered transcranial magnetic stimulation (EEG-TMS) was applied to target the EEG negative vs. positive peak of the sensorimotor μ-rhythm in healthy subjects using a millisecond resolution real-time digital signal processing system. Corticospinal excitability was indexed by motor evoked potential amplitude in a hand muscle. RESULTS: EEG negative vs. positive peak of the endogenous sensorimotor μ-rhythm represent high- vs. low-excitability states of corticospinal neurons. More importantly, otherwise identical rTMS (200 triple-pulses at 100 Hz burst frequency and ∼1 Hz repetition rate), triggered consistently at this high-excitability vs. low-excitability state, leads to long-term potentiation (LTP)-like vs. no change in corticospinal excitability. CONCLUSIONS: Findings raise the intriguing possibility that real-time information of instantaneous brain state can be utilized to control efficacy of plasticity induction in humans. © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reservedFile | Dimensione | Formato | |
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