Si3N4 Nanofelts/Paraffin Composites as Novel Thermal Energy Storage Architecture

The environmental problems associated with global warming are urging the development of novel systems to manage and reduce the energy consumption. An attractive route to improve the energy efficiency of civil buildings is to store the thermal energy thanks, during heating, to the phase transition of a phase-change material (as paraffin) from the solid to the liquid state and vice versa. The stored energy can be then released under cooling. Herein, we developed a novel material (nanofelt) constituted by Si3N4 nanobelts able to absorb huge amounts of liquid paraffin in the molten state and to act as an efficient shape stabilizer. The nanofelt manufacturing technology is very simple and easy to be scaled-up. The effect of the Si3N4 nanofelts density and microstructure on the paraffin sorption and leakage and on the thermal properties of the resulting composite structures is investigated. It is shown that the produced Si3N4/paraffin composites are able to retain enormous fractions of paraffin (up to 70 wt%) after 44 day of desorption test on absorbent paper towel. The thermal energy storage efficiency measured through calorimetric tests is as high as 77.4% in heating and 80.1% in cooling.