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EnglishA core question underlying neurobiological and computational models of behavior is how individuals learn environmental statistics and use them to make predictions. Most investigations of this issue have relied on reactive paradigms, in which inferences about predictive processes are derived by modeling responses to stimuli that vary in likelihood. Here we deployed a novel anticipatory oculomotor metric to determine how input statistics impact anticipatory behavior that is decoupled from target-driven-response. We implemented transition constraints between target locations, so that the probability of a target being presented on the same side as the previous trial was 70% in one condition (pret70) and 30% in the other (pret30). Rather than focus on responses to targets, we studied subtle endogenous anticipatory fixation offsets (AFOs) measured while participants fixated the screen center, awaiting a target. These AFOs were small (<0.4° from center on average), but strongly tracked global-level statistics. Speaking to learning dynamics, trial-by-trial fluctuations in AFO were well-described by a learning model, which identified a lower learning rate in pret70 than pret30, corroborating prior suggestions that pret70 is subjectively treated as more regular. Most importantly, direct comparisons with saccade latencies revealed that AFOs: (a) reflected similar temporal integration windows, (b) carried more information about the statistical context than did saccade latencies, and (c) accounted for most of the information that saccade latencies also contained about inputs statistics. Our work demonstrates how strictly predictive processes reflect learning dynamics, and presents a new direction for studying learning and prediction.
Predictions as a window into learning: Anticipatory fixation offsets carry more information about environmental statistics than reactive stimulus-responses / Notaro, Giuseppe; van Zoest, Wieske; Altman, Magda; Melcher, David; Hasson, Uri. - In: JOURNAL OF VISION. - ISSN 1534-7362. - ELETTRONICO. - 2019, 19:2(2019), pp. 8.1-8.22.
| Titolo: | Predictions as a window into learning: Anticipatory fixation offsets carry more information about environmental statistics than reactive stimulus-responses |
| Autori: | Notaro, Giuseppe; van Zoest, Wieske; Altman, Magda; Melcher, David; Hasson, Uri |
| Autori Unitn: | |
| Titolo del periodico: | JOURNAL OF VISION |
| Anno di pubblicazione: | 2019 |
| Numero e parte del fascicolo: | 2 |
| Codice identificativo Scopus: | 2-s2.0-85061873180 |
| Codice identificativo Pubmed: | 30779844 |
| Digital Object Identifier (DOI): | http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/19.2.8 |
| Handle: | http://hdl.handle.net/11572/228454 |
| Citazione: | Predictions as a window into learning: Anticipatory fixation offsets carry more information about environmental statistics than reactive stimulus-responses / Notaro, Giuseppe; van Zoest, Wieske; Altman, Magda; Melcher, David; Hasson, Uri. - In: JOURNAL OF VISION. - ISSN 1534-7362. - ELETTRONICO. - 2019, 19:2(2019), pp. 8.1-8.22. |
| Appare nelle tipologie: | 03.1 Articolo su rivista (Journal article) |
File in questo prodotto:
| File | Descrizione | Tipologia | Licenza | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| i1534-7362-19-2-8(1).pdf | Open Access publisher's copy | Versione editoriale (Publisher’s layout) |  | Open Access Visualizza/Apri |
http://hdl.handle.net/11572/228454
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