Voluntas est duplex: la dottrina della volontà dell’anonimo “Commento di Parigi” sull’ethica nova e vetus (1235-40)

The paper investigates the theory of the will of the so-called ‘Commentary of Paris’ (1235-1240), written by an anonymous master of the Faculty of Arts in Paris. This is one of six extant commentaries on the first three books of Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics translated into Latin by Burgundio of Pisa. This theory shows the close connection between ethics and psychology which characterizes the entire commentary. The voluntas has a twofold nature: it is an innate habitus of the superior part of the practical intellect (voluntas in summa, sine deliberatione) and an act of the inferior part of the practical intellect (voluntas cum deliberatione). For the Parisian commentator, voluntas does not represent a unitary and autonomous psychic faculty, but constitutes, along with the practical intellect, a single faculty.