Synthesis of a Pre-Fractal Dual-Band Monopolar Antenna for GPS Applications

In this letter, the design of a monopolar dual-band antenna operating in the L1 and L2 GPS bands is presented. The prefractal geometry of the antenna has been synthesized by means of a particle swarm algorithm for optimizing the values of the electrical parameters within the specifications. For a general assessment, some selected results of numerical simulations are shown and some comparisons between numerical data and experimental measurements are presented. (c) 2006 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other users, including reprinting/ republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted components of this work in other works.