Anticipation Systems

Anticipatory systems are a class of systems broader than Newtonian ones. The move from Newtonian systems to Anticipatory systems entails giving full significance to the future. Put otherwise, Newtonian systems are a subclass of Anticipatory systems. To understand their differences, one can distinguish between what a system is made of (structure) and what a system is made for (function). The former attitude is isolative; the latter is relational. These two different modes of analysis (through elements or through subsystems) generate two widely different frameworks because each function can be implemented by different structures and each structure can express different functions.