Economic benefits of gender equality in the European Union. Literature review: existing evidence and methodological approaches

The study on the ‘economic benefits of gender equality’ is unique in the EU context. It’s the first of its kind to use a robust econometric model to estimate a broad range of macroeconomic benefits of gender equality in several broad areas such as education, labour market activity and wages. The overall results of the study show that more gender equality would lead to: Between 6.3 million and 10.5 million additional jobs in 2050 with about 70 % of these jobs taken by women; Positive GDP impacts that grow over time; An increase in GDP per capita of up to nearly 10 % in 2050. The study used the E3ME macroeconomic model to estimate the economic impacts of improvements in gender equality. E3ME is an empirical macroeconomic model tailored specifically to model outcomes at EU and Member State levels.