Behaviour, mental processes and theories: Prisoners in the room of our beliefs (and our computations)

Starting from our common life experiences - behaviors, that are normally backed up by mental proccsses which, in turn, are based upon more or less justified beliefs I will show how our epistemological access to the world can lead us to wrong inferences which could leave us prisoners in a room (sections 1 and 2). A brief, somehow historical, survey of conceptual theories lays the bask to better understand how a recent cognitive theory (Theory-Theory) has lead to parallels between the reasoning we make in our everyday life and those that have to do with science. With regards to this, I will give an example taken from a diagnosis in dermatology (section 3), Quite often, when interviewed, why don't doctors make their reasoning clear, when that type of "reasoning" can be considered so clear to allow the setting up of a real algorithm implemented on neural networks? We will briefly show the analogies in a case implemented at the computer, to grab differences between human and machines (section 4), The conclusion, far from giving one (or more) answer/s, jusn wants to warn against possible reductionist or/and functionalist temptations (section 5).