Quantum entanglement represents an ideal resource to guarantee the security of random numbers employed in many scientific and cryptographic applications. However, entanglement-based certified random number generators are particularly challenging to implement. Here, we demonstrate a certified quantum random number generator based on momentum-polarization entangled single-photon states. The use of single-photon entanglement allows an attenuated laser source to be employed and a simple setup where only linear optical components are utilized. For the latter, a semi-device-independent modeling of the photonic quantum random number generator is developed, which certifies a minimum entropy of (2.5 ± 0.5)%, corresponding to a generation rate of 4.4 kHz. At the expenses of a higher level of trust in the system, the certified minimum entropy can be increased to (30.1 ± 0.5)%, implying a generation rate of 52.7 kHz. Our results show that a simple optical implementation combined with an accurate modeling provide an entanglement-based high-security quantum random number generator using imperfect devices.

Certified quantum random-number generator based on single-photon entanglement / Leone, Nicolò; Azzini, Stefano; Mazzucchi, Sonia; Moretti, Valter; Pavesi, Lorenzo. - In: PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED. - ISSN 2331-7019. - 2022/17:3(2022), pp. 03401101-03401116. [10.1103/PhysRevApplied.17.034011]

Certified quantum random-number generator based on single-photon entanglement

Leone, Nicolò;Azzini, Stefano;Mazzucchi, Sonia;Moretti, Valter;Pavesi Lorenzo
2022-01-01

Abstract

Quantum entanglement represents an ideal resource to guarantee the security of random numbers employed in many scientific and cryptographic applications. However, entanglement-based certified random number generators are particularly challenging to implement. Here, we demonstrate a certified quantum random number generator based on momentum-polarization entangled single-photon states. The use of single-photon entanglement allows an attenuated laser source to be employed and a simple setup where only linear optical components are utilized. For the latter, a semi-device-independent modeling of the photonic quantum random number generator is developed, which certifies a minimum entropy of (2.5 ± 0.5)%, corresponding to a generation rate of 4.4 kHz. At the expenses of a higher level of trust in the system, the certified minimum entropy can be increased to (30.1 ± 0.5)%, implying a generation rate of 52.7 kHz. Our results show that a simple optical implementation combined with an accurate modeling provide an entanglement-based high-security quantum random number generator using imperfect devices.
2022
3
Leone, Nicolò; Azzini, Stefano; Mazzucchi, Sonia; Moretti, Valter; Pavesi, Lorenzo
Certified quantum random-number generator based on single-photon entanglement / Leone, Nicolò; Azzini, Stefano; Mazzucchi, Sonia; Moretti, Valter; Pavesi, Lorenzo. - In: PHYSICAL REVIEW APPLIED. - ISSN 2331-7019. - 2022/17:3(2022), pp. 03401101-03401116. [10.1103/PhysRevApplied.17.034011]
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11572/328747
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