Hybrid PSO-CP technique for the synthesis of non-uniform linear arrays with maximum directivity

A technique to synthesize maximum directivity non-uniform linear layouts subjected to upper bounds on the power pattern is presented. The approach is based on a nested strategy combining an outer particle swarm-based optimization and an inner convex programming solver by taking advantage of the convexity of the synthesis with respect to the excitation coefficients when fixing the array layout. Selected numerical results are discussed to assess the effectiveness, the flexibility, and the limitations of the proposed technique.